Swiss locomotive manufacturer Stadler and Sardinia-based operator ARST have unveiled the world’s first hydrogen-powered narrow-gauge train. Because the 950 mm narrow-gauge railway network imposes strict axle load limitations, existing hydrogen train models could not be used for the project. To overcome this challenge, engineers developed an entirely new lightweight aluminum body. The train operates by storing electricity generated from hydrogen fuel cells in onboard batteries, while all power components are concentrated in a dedicated central carriage known as the “Power Pack,” enhancing passenger comfort. ARST plans to produce the required hydrogen through solar-powered electrolysis facilities, aiming to create a completely emission-free cycle from energy production to transportation.
The 950 mm railway networks in Sardinia, Calabria, and Sicily, dating back to the 19th century, have much stricter axle load restrictions compared to Europe’s standard 1,435 mm rail systems. This technical challenge led Stadler engineers to design a lightweight train structure from scratch instead of adapting existing hydrogen train models. Unlike many manufacturers that distribute power equipment across several carriages, Stadler concentrated the systems within a single central module, creating more space in passenger cars for air conditioning, panoramic windows, and low-floor accessibility features.
One of the project’s most notable aspects is its approach to hydrogen production. Unlike many existing hydrogen rail projects in Germany, ARST plans to generate its own hydrogen using solar energy. This integrated system aims to achieve zero CO₂ emissions throughout the entire process, from renewable electricity generation and electrolysis to train operation. ARST Central Director Carlo Poledrini described the initiative not only as a transportation project but also as part of the company’s broader strategy to become an operator managing its own clean energy network.
Under an agreement signed in 2023, ARST ordered ten hydrogen trains. Once deployed, these new vehicles are expected to prevent more than 2,100 metric tons of CO₂ emissions annually compared to the diesel trains currently in service. This amount is roughly equivalent to the emissions generated by around 450 cars traveling around the world.
Supported by the Italian government and the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport, this large-scale decarbonization initiative extends beyond Sardinia. Stadler is also producing nine additional trains for Calabria railways and two more for Sicily’s Ferrovia Circumetnea network. The first trains, certified by Italy’s National Railway Safety Agency (ANSFISA), are expected to begin passenger operations in 2028 on the Alghero Airport–Mamuntanas, Sassari–Alghero, and Sassari–Sorso lines in northern Sardinia.
Source: Solarbaba – In Turkish
